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                                                          Governance of the Internet is a matter of global importance and
                                                          concern. The multistakeholder (MS) and multilateral (ML) forms have
                                                          been presented as two competing and plausible models of Internet
                                                          governance. Drawing on Actor Network Theory (ANT) and building on
                                                          an interpretive case study of rich archival data, this paper examines
                                                          how the focal actor’s (i.e., the U.S. government’s) beliefs influence the
                                                          choice of Internet governance form. It further explores the strategies
                                                          of the focal actor to translate the interests of the ML network’s
                                                          supporters,  with a view to enrolling them in the MS governance
                                                          network. The analysis shows how the focal actor has established the
                                                          MS governance form through the Internet Corporation for Assigned
                                                          Names and Numbers (ICANN) as an Obligatory Passage Point to keep
       Pandey, N., Dé, R., & Ravishankar, M. N.           the Internet successfully operational. The analysis also illuminates
       (2021). Improving the governance of                the combination of structural and collaborative strategies employed
       information technology: Insights from the          to allay the growing dissatisfaction with the MS governance form.

       history of Internet governance, Journal of
                                                          The paper suggests that whilst the protocols and technical standards
       Information Technology, 1-22.                      of the Internet are increasingly relegated to the background, the

                                                          social and political network that Internet artefacts draw together in a
                                                          meta-form has grown in prominence. It also argues that there may
                                                          be a hierarchy of beliefs, which influence how actors enact their
                                                          translation strategies. Finally, the paper discusses parallels between
                                                          the  MS/ML forms of Internet  governance  and  IT  governance  in
                                                          organizational contexts.


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